Understanding statebuilding from a political economy. Federalunitary systems of government in west africa nigeria sierra leone the gambia liberia origin, factors, structure, features and problems 18. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. The rise of welfare state has tremendously increased the functions of the state, and in reality of the executive. Precolonial political systems in nigeria igbo traditional. Once elected, these officials try to achieve the goals of their party through legislation and program initiatives. But in performing these functions, he made such he did not contravene the islamic laws. Characteristics and functions of government oldnaija.
And there are countries with a two or oneparty system. History of political parties in nigeria nigerian finder. After carefully reading the history of the concept civil society, some of the functions described probably will seem familiar, because they were already known for theorists. It helps government to maximize waste of public funds through legislatures oversight functions. By this, we hope to be able to raise enrollment numbers and reduce the poor academic performance of students and the drastic failure rates in exams while also working to enhance instructional practice among teachers using familiar channels of interaction to train and empower. Roles and functions of federal government in nigeria. Good and wellimplemented policies will drive development globally. Types of political parties in nigeria and their functions. Nigerias flag consists of three equal vertical bands of green, white, and green. Constitution this is a major characteristic of a government. The states could not cover all areas within themselves, as the population is ever growing and so there is occupancy of more land surfaces.
Nigeria shall be a federation consisting of states and a federal capital territory. Elections and governance in nigerias fourth republic. It also sheds light on the various mechanisms of accountability built into the system. Historical background of nigerian politics, 19001960. The constitution provides for a bicameral national assembly, which consists of the house of representatives and the. The future of nigerian politics lies in tolerating civilian governance. It was an effective tool in the hands of the proponents of democracy, to mobilize the ragtag and the bobtail against the smoking guns of the military to return them to their natural habitat. Each society must have a political system in order to maintain recognized procedures for allocating valued resources. The supposed and the real role of mass media in modern democracy. The history of the nigerian army and the implications for the future of nigeria, by maj fredrick c. It is the fundamental right of every qualified citizen in a. Nigeria democracy is truncated, thus, the inevitability of military intervention in nigeria politics. The government of nigeria witnessed many structural changes in the few past decades in its political system.
It also sets operational guidelines, work plans and budgets for the ngo and policy and program support. Several dominant themes in nigerian history are essential for understanding contemporary nigerian politics and society. The nigerian state and politics in the fourth republic codesria. Political party in nigeria should perform the functions provided above. It is a way to mobilize voters to support common sets of interests, concerns, and goals. States were created to achieve effective administration of resources and to serve as a closer link for the people to access the benefits of the federal government. The paper concluded that good and beneficial public policies remain a sinequanon to good governance.
Nigeria has made progress since its return to democracy in 1999. It identifies two generations of leadership elite that evolved in nigeria prior to the military inroad into politics. Nigerias electoral politics from independence has been tumultuous. The nigerian electoral process in perspective elections under colonial rule before independence in 1960, nigeria, which existed as an amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates since 1914, had already witnessed three different elections. History of political parties in nigeria will never be complete if mention is not made of the various political bigwigs in the history of this country. Elections make a fundamental contribution to democratic governance.
The debate about state functions was originally an ideological one, focused on whether a smaller or more expansive role of the state was preferable. Nigeria population and its economic significance 3. The 1999 constitution has explicitly provided for the functions of the third tier of government and these functions of local governments are seen in the exclusive list, as well as concurrent list. In the nigerian case study, the reconfiguration, formation of political parties, distribution of human. Nigeria is one indivisible and indissoluble sovereign state to be known by the name of the federal republic of nigeria. The aim also includes an examination of the direct role played by the nigerian political. The first set of political parties to be formed in nigeria was formed. According to the nigerian constitution and in line with the presidential system of government, there is a separation of power among the three branches of government, namely the presidency, the judiciary and the. At independence in 1960, nigeria opted for west minster model of constitution and the court of final appeal was the privy council in england. Foreign policies of the candidates respective countries nigeria ghana. This is not an example of the work produced by our essay writing service. This organization helped to develop nigerian s economy, education and social life. State functions are a fundamental concern, and these are addressed from both a conceptual and a more immediate statebuilding perspective in section 3.
An introduction to nongovernmental organizations ngo. The paper also drew experiences from various administrations in nigeria. After this period the country has managed to survive and redefine kits comprehensive political system. The recruitment of political leaders is one the main functions of political party in nigeria.
Though this study will limit itself to the pivotal roles the mass media should play in shaping the desired political culture in nigeria yet, it is aimed at highlighting the areas in which the mass media can intervene in promoting the desired political. Since independence in 1960, nigerias unstable political history can be. A lot of countries in the world have a multipleparty system, where there can be more than one party. Government operations are those activities involved in the running of a. But a political system crippled by corruption and dogged by ethnic tensions threatens to. However, youths influence on national politics remains limited. Thus, electoral violence has proved to be nigerias harbinger of national instability as unabated festering irregularities that manifest at different. Protection of lives and properties of its citizens.
Full list of local government in nigeria structure. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 bc and hausa states around 85 ad during the 11th century, while. Another important function is to recruit the political leadership. Elections and governance in nigerias fourth republic on jstor. Nigerias creaky political system council on foreign. Public administration is a vehicle for expressing the values and preferences of citizens, communities and society as a whole. Morso, social welfare policy as stated earlier is very important since it alleviate poverty among the members of the society and allow for quality lives of these people. This refers to the introduction of individual citizens into different roles in the political system, and also. The government make a set of agreed rules which guides it in the administration of the state. Ever since this merger, the polity has been characterized by ethnoreligious politics which has being the bane to national unity. In the nigerian situa tion the ethnic dimension became crucial with regard to all these functions. In september, the first election took place in lagos and calabar. However, the most important thing is that each village was administered as a sovereign entity and each family heads okpara were reckoned or named an ofo title. Nigeria is a federal republic with a presidential system divided into 36 states 1 federal capital territory run by governors.
Definition of state, features, structure and functions. Nigeria is a federal republic comprises of 36 states as well as the fct. In large complex societies, many decisions must be made about the duties and responsibilities of citizens and also about the rights and privileges. Rwanda, burundi, zaire, ethiopia zanzibar, uganda, nigeria, the chad and angola 1.
Then it faced competition from youth nigerian movement. No government is permanent, particularly a democratic or elective government which changes through periodic election. Most times the platform for election is provided by political parties. At the same time it is meant to raise interest in, and willingness to contribute to, a party. The primary aim of this paper is to critically examine the importance of media in politics. It was called the nigerian national democratic party. Understanding statebuilding from a political economy perspective. Nigerias creaky political system council on foreign relations. Its important that they keep in touch with the people. The nigerian government structure explained oasdom. Today nigeria has almost 30 officially registered parties and a multiparty system.
The structure of the ghanaian state the structure of the ghanaian state is set out in the 1992 constitution. Violence has continued to mar the conduct of almost all general elections, making free and fair elections a desideratum. The second but most powerful organ of the government is the executive. Nigerian political parties serve as a representative of the citizens. This paper collected its data from both primary and secondary sources and employs the exploratory. After realizing revenue from various sources, the federal government is responsible for the following basic duties provision of amenities which include public education, affordable quality healthcare, electricity, affordable housing, good roads, and other utilities. The nigerian government and politics are built around the presidential system of government, which was copied from the united states of america. Indeed, religion and religious associations perform a number of democratic roles but the extent to which these roles have been performed is another issue. There are several different functions of civil society. Nigeria is a nation of vast human and natural resource potential that has experienced.
The federal government could not cover all areas in nigeria considering how big our country is, so 36 nigerian states and capital were created but alas. Nigeria is a federal republic, with executive power exercised by the. Periodic change a government is meant to change after a specific period of time. The federal government of nigeria is composed of three distinct branches. They will only be able to fulfil their functions when more. Ethnic and religious clashes have continued in africas most densely populated nation. There is a general sense that traditional politics and representative democracy. Although many people do not think of it this way, registering as a democrat or republican makes them. Chief among these functions is that of representation. A reference of 2011 and 2015 general elections, acta. Failure of the elections conducted by the civilian government in 1965 and 1983 brought about the military intervention. In moral and political philosophy, the social contract is a theory or model, originating during the age of enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual.
The linguistic insecurity endured by the less described languages stems from the insouciance of an. Nigerias unjust socio political and economic system and the need for liberation a. Aside discussing the political parties in nigeria, this write up will equally discuss about the political history of nigeria. Village council is popularly known as council of elders, it comprised of all the family heads in the village. And moreover, the new types of political parties in nigeria are appearing. Even though criticism of political parties is easy and always popular, political parties are indispensable for a democracy. What are the function and nature of politics in nigeria. The basic purpose of political parties is to nominate candidates for public office and to get as many of them elected as possible. With a restoration of democracy, nigerians are very much determined to sustain it and make the future generation proud to be a part of this great nation. These people come together to contest elections in order to hold power in the government.
This data is derived from inec, an independent collegial body in charge of organization and conduction of elections. First, the spread of islam, predominantly in the north but later in southwestern nigeria as well, began a. Nigeria abstract political parties perform a number of functions in a political entity. You can view samples of our professional work here. However, the political history of nigeria shows that whenever, the judiciary is unable to effectively perform its role in sustaining nigerian democracy, invariably, nigeria democracy is truncated, thus, the inevitability of military intervention in nigeria politics. However, the polity is only federal in name, the reality is that nigeria runs a unitary system with states having very. The paper traces the evolution of the influence of the military governance in nigeria on the development of managerial elite. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. Because religion is a complex phenomenon, the social functions it performs are quite diverse. The global connection the situation of injustice in nigeria today has global foundations and international connections. It first of all, sets policies and strategies for the ngo, in line with the agreed purposes, principles and scope of the ngo. However, no matter how many parties exist in a country, they have to perform their main functions.
Military intervention in the nigerian politics and its. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire. The constitution outlines not only how the various individuals and public bodies fit together, but also explains their respective functions. Under the 1999 constitution, executive power is vested in a president who serves as both the head of state and the chief executive, is directly elected to a fouryear term, and nominates the vice president and members of the cabinet. But how, has the media fared in this onerous task is what this study seeks to address. It operates the presidential system of government and has three supporting arms which are the executive, the legislative and judiciary.
It is that organ which implements the laws passed by the legislature and the policies of the government. The supposed and the real role of mass media in modern. Nigeria is a culturally, politically and religiously diverse country. There shall be 36 states in nigeria, that is to say, abia, adamawa, akwa ibom. Ap comparative government and politics nigeria briefing paper.
Section 5 looks at the justification for and scope of interparty dialogue. The 1979 constitution introduced a system of national political parties as opposed to. He performed ritual and ceremonial functions on behalf of the family. Functions of the local government in nigeria by law the functions of the local government is well defined. The functions of the state government, amongst other functions, include. Below are the major characteristics and functions of government in a state.
The media can never be separated from nigerias long walk to democracy. Functions of political parties theoretical function. The primary role of the political party is to fix the political agenda and policies. Social contract arguments typically hypothesize that. Because direct democracya form of government in which political decisions are made directly by the entire body of qualified citizensis impractical in most modern societies, democratic government must be conducted through representatives. The role of the military in the nigerian politics has generated a. Experiences in the world today, especially in the third world, and particularly in. This section is devoted to the consideration of the roles of religion in politics. It attempts a brief analysis of different coups that took place in the country. It was an effective tool in the hands of the proponents of democracy, to mobilize the ragtag and the bobtail against the smoking guns of the military.
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